{"id":8527,"date":"2015-04-17T08:48:21","date_gmt":"2015-04-17T12:48:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.edilex.com\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\/"},"modified":"2024-03-26T10:58:15","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T14:58:15","slug":"reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edilex.com\/fr\/blog\/2015\/04\/17\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9clamation des co\u00fbts indirects : le processus de demande de changement doit \u00eatre observ\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le 10 avril dernier, la Cour d’appel rendait\u00a0une d\u00e9cision<\/span><\/a> concernant l’importance, pour l’entrepreneur, de respecter le processus de demande de changement pr\u00e9vu dans un contrat \u00e0 forfait.<\/p>\n

Cette affaire oppose Consortium M.R. Canada Lt\u00e9e (\u00abConsortium\u00bb) \u00e0 la Commission scolaire de Laval (\u00abCSL\u00bb). Le litige \u00e0 l’origine de cette poursuite d\u00e9coule de changements apport\u00e9s \u00e0 un contrat \u00e0 forfait. Plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, Consortium r\u00e9clame les frais indirects de prolongation de chantier et de location de g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice r\u00e9sultant d’un ordre de changement. Il all\u00e8gue que, comme les parties ne se sont pas entendues sur un prix, il est justifi\u00e9 de r\u00e9clamer ces frais additionnels. Ainsi, Consortium se pourvoit afin de faire passer la condamnation obtenue en sa faveur de 97\u00a0091\u00a0$ \u00e0 442\u00a0106\u00a0$.<\/p>\n

Au terme de son analyse, la Cour rejette le pourvoi. Premi\u00e8rement, elle rappelle que bien qu’aucune entente ne soit intervenue entre les parties en ce qui concerne les co\u00fbts indirects, ces derni\u00e8res ont poursuivi l’ex\u00e9cution du contrat, et ce, malgr\u00e9 l’existence\u00a0d’un diff\u00e9rend entre elles. En effet, Consortium pr\u00e9voyait n\u00e9gocier ces frais apr\u00e8s coup, tandis que CSL \u00e9tait d’avis qu’ils faisaient partie du prix global convenu pour les travaux.<\/p>\n

Deuxi\u00e8mement, la Cour met l’accent sur le fait que Consortium ne s’est pas conform\u00e9 \u00e0 la proc\u00e9dure de demande de changement et de modification aux travaux et au prix pr\u00e9vue au contrat. En r\u00e9it\u00e9rant les principes applicables en mati\u00e8re de contrats \u00e0 forfait et en s’appuyant sur les dispositions de l’entente intervenue entre les parties, la Cour se prononce comme suit :<\/p>\n

[33]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0La r\u00e8gle cardinale en mati\u00e8re de contrat \u00e0 forfait est donc celle de l\u2019immuabilit\u00e9 des obligations respectives des parties, sous r\u00e9serve de l\u2019application stricte des clauses permettant les modifications aux travaux et au prix. Or, \u00e0 mon avis, Consortium a n\u00e9glig\u00e9 cet aspect crucial du march\u00e9, ce qui emporte, pour elle, des cons\u00e9quences funestes. Voici plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment de quoi il retourne.<\/p>\n

[34]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, on le sait, aucun changement ne peut \u00eatre apport\u00e9 sans un ordre de changement, lequel doit lui-m\u00eame \u00eatre pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 d\u2019une demande de changement. Or, que l\u2019initiative du changement rel\u00e8ve du donneur d\u2019ouvrage ou de l\u2019entrepreneur, la demande, elle, rel\u00e8ve toujours de l\u2019entrepreneur, puisque, dans tous les cas, il a l\u2019obligation de proposer un prix\u00a0:<\/p>\n

44.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DEMANDE DE CHANGEMENT<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u2019ordre de changement doit \u00eatre pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 d\u2019une demande de changement d\u00fbment approuv\u00e9e par le Donneur d\u2019ouvrage.\u00a0Le prix soumis par l\u2019Entrepreneur suite \u00e0 la demande de changement est valide pour 45 jours.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n

[35]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0La clause du contrat \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude traitant des modifications aux travaux et au prix prescrit une r\u00e8gle fondamentale\u00a0: les changements aux travaux doivent, tout comme le contrat original, faire l\u2019objet d\u2019un march\u00e9 \u00e0 forfait\u00a0:<\/p>\n

46.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00c9VALUATION DES CHANGEMENTS AUX TRAVAUX<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 La valeur de tout changement est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e\u00a0suivant l\u2019estimation, la n\u00e9gociation et l\u2019acceptation d\u2019une somme forfaitaire.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [\u2026]<\/p>\n

[36]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0L\u2019entente conclue entre Consortium et CSL met donc fermement l\u2019accent sur l\u2019acceptation d\u2019une somme forfaitaire, ce qui implique la fixation d\u2019un prix invariable d\u00e9coulant des changements devant \u00eatre apport\u00e9s. Il est clair que les parties, et plus particuli\u00e8rement CSL, tiennent \u00e0 \u00e9viter dans toute la mesure du possible les d\u00e9sagr\u00e9ables surprises d\u00e9coulant des d\u00e9passements de co\u00fbts. Voil\u00e0 qui n\u2019a rien d\u2019\u00e9tonnant, s\u2019agissant ici de l\u2019un des principes fondamentaux \u00e0 l\u2019origine du choix d\u2019un march\u00e9 \u00e0 forfait.<\/p>\n

De plus, en se penchant sur la d\u00e9termination du prix soumis par Consortium, la Cour statue comme suit :<\/p>\n

[59] […] la premi\u00e8re m\u00e9thode de fixation, celle du march\u00e9 \u00e0 forfait, doit imp\u00e9rativement s\u2019appliquer, comme nous l\u2019avons vu plus t\u00f4t. Par d\u00e9finition, le prix propos\u00e9 par Consortium inclut tous les co\u00fbts indirects, y compris ceux reli\u00e9s au d\u00e9lai d\u2019ex\u00e9cution prolong\u00e9. […]<\/p>\n

[60]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0En conclusion, je suis d\u2019avis que le contrat ne donnait pas ici \u00e0 Consortium le droit de r\u00e9clamer des co\u00fbts indirects\u00a0a posteriori<\/i>. Ce constat vaut tout autant lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019\u00e9valuer l\u2019argument additionnel tir\u00e9 des conditions pos\u00e9es unilat\u00e9ralement par Consortium lors de la r\u00e9ception provisoire du projet. Cette r\u00e9action tardive ne saurait lui conf\u00e9rer de droits, toujours en raison de la facture du contrat \u00e0 forfait la liant.<\/p>\n

Ainsi, comme le prix propos\u00e9 dans la demande de changement doit \u00eatre fix\u00e9 sous la forme d’un march\u00e9 \u00e0 forfait, le prix soumis par Consortium incluait les frais indirects de prolongation de chantier de m\u00eame que la location de la g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice. Il en ressort donc que Consortium ne pouvait r\u00e9clamer ces frais ult\u00e9rieurement en pr\u00e9tendant qu’ils restaient \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le 10 avril dernier, la Cour d’appel rendait\u00a0une d\u00e9cision concernant l’importance, pour l’entrepreneur, de respecter le processus de demande de changement pr\u00e9vu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualites-juridiques"],"yoast_head":"\nR\u00e9clamation des co\u00fbts indirects : le processus de demande de changement doit \u00eatre observ\u00e9 - Edilex.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/edilex.com\/fr\/blog\/2015\/04\/17\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u00e9clamation des co\u00fbts indirects : le processus de demande de changement doit \u00eatre observ\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le 10 avril dernier, la Cour d’appel rendait\u00a0une d\u00e9cision concernant l’importance, pour l’entrepreneur, de respecter le processus de demande de changement pr\u00e9vu […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/edilex.com\/fr\/blog\/2015\/04\/17\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Edilex.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-04-17T12:48:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-26T14:58:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Edilex\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Edilex\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/edilex.com\\\/fr\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/04\\\/17\\\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/edilex.com\\\/fr\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/04\\\/17\\\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Edilex\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/edilex.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/52d2044714c536753fb0add3ceb175db\"},\"headline\":\"R\u00e9clamation des co\u00fbts indirects : le processus de demande de changement doit \u00eatre observ\u00e9\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-04-17T12:48:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-26T14:58:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/edilex.com\\\/fr\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/04\\\/17\\\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":843,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/edilex.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Actualit\u00e9s juridiques\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/edilex.com\\\/fr\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/04\\\/17\\\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/edilex.com\\\/fr\\\/blog\\\/2015\\\/04\\\/17\\\/reclamation-des-couts-indirects-le-processus-de-demande-de-changement-doit-etre-observe\\\/\",\"name\":\"R\u00e9clamation des co\u00fbts indirects : le processus de demande de changement doit \u00eatre observ\u00e9 - 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